AEM Unit & Integration Testing

Purpose

Implement comprehensive testing strategies for AEM projects including Sling Model unit tests, integration tests with AEM Mocks, UI tests with Selenium/Cypress, and CI pipeline test automation.

When to Use (Triggers)

• User mentions "testing," "unit test," "integration test," "AEM Mocks," or "test coverage"
• References to JUnit, Mockito, wcm.io testing, or AEM testing frameworks
• Questions about testing Sling Models, servlets, OSGi services, or workflows
• Requests involving test automation, CI/CD testing, or test-driven development
• Discussion of testing strategies for AEM components or custom code

Core Capabilities

• Write unit tests for Sling Models using AEM Mocks (io.wcm.testing)
• Implement integration tests with AEM context and repository state
• Configure UI testing with Selenium, Cypress, or Playwright for AEM pages
• Set up test fixtures using JCR content loading and mock resources
• Integrate testing into Maven build lifecycle and CI/CD pipelines

Domain Knowledge Required

Technical Foundation

• JUnit 5 architecture (extensions, parameterized tests, lifecycle)
• Mockito mocking framework (when/then, verify, argument captors)
• Test patterns (arrange-act-assert, test fixtures, test doubles)
• Code coverage tools (JaCoCo) and quality gates

AEM-Specific Context

• AEM Mocks (wcm.io) for in-memory AEM context simulation
• Sling Testing Mocks (ResourceResolver, SlingHttpServletRequest mocks)
• AEM Context JUnit extension for test resource loading
• Content loading from JSON fixtures for test data
• OSGi mock context for service testing
• AEM Cloud Service testing pipeline (unit, integration, UI tiers)

Implementation Approach

Step 1: Test Strategy Definition

Plan the testing approach for the project.

• Define test pyramid: unit (70%), integration (20%), UI (10%)
• Identify critical paths requiring integration/UI tests
• Establish code coverage targets (>80% for core bundle)
• Plan test data management strategy

Step 2: Unit Test Setup

Configure testing framework and write model tests.

• Add AEM Mocks dependencies to core module pom.xml
• Configure AemContext with required resource types and services
• Write tests for Sling Models (property injection, business logic)
• Test servlets with mock request/response objects
• Test OSGi services with mock dependencies

Step 3: Integration Testing

Implement tests requiring AEM context.

• Load test content from JSON fixtures into AemContext
• Test component rendering with HTL compilation (if applicable)
• Validate workflow execution with mock payloads
• Test query execution against loaded test content
• Verify ACL-dependent behavior with mock users

Step 4: UI Testing

Implement end-to-end browser testing.

• Configure Selenium/Cypress for AEM author and publish testing
• Create page objects for AEM editing interfaces
• Test component authoring workflow (add, configure, preview)
• Validate publish-side rendering and interaction
• Test responsive behavior across viewports

Step 5: CI/CD Integration

Automate test execution in build pipeline.

• Configure Maven Surefire/Failsafe for unit/integration separation
• Set up JaCoCo for code coverage reporting and enforcement
• Configure Cloud Manager quality gates for test results
• Implement test parallelization for faster feedback

Quality Checklist

• [ ] Unit tests cover all Sling Model business logic
• [ ] Integration tests validate critical content operations
• [ ] UI tests cover happy-path user journeys
• [ ] Code coverage meets minimum threshold (>80% core)
• [ ] Tests run reliably in CI without flakiness
• [ ] Test execution time acceptable (unit < 2min, integration < 5min)
• [ ] Test data managed independently (no shared mutable state)
• [ ] Failed tests produce clear, actionable error messages

Related Skills

• aem-component-development (testing components)
• aem-custom-osgi-services (testing services)
• aem-debugging-log-analysis (debugging test failures)

Example Use Cases

1. Sling Model Testing: Write comprehensive unit tests for a product detail Sling Model verifying property injection, computed fields, null handling, and multi-value property processing using AEM Mocks.
2. Workflow Process Step Testing: Test a custom workflow process step that validates page metadata completeness, using AemContext with loaded test content and mock WorkflowSession.
3. Author Experience Testing: Implement Cypress tests validating the complete authoring workflow: create page, add component, configure dialog, preview, and publish.

Notes

• AEM Mocks simulate most AEM functionality in-memory — but not Oak queries or full OSGi container
• Use @ExtendWith(AemContextExtension.class) for JUnit 5 AEM test context
• For Cloud Service: unit and integration tests run pre-deploy; UI tests run post-deploy on stage
• Keep unit tests fast (< 100ms each) — move slower tests to integration tier